Joseph Pilates was a German physical trainer and innovator best known as the creator of the "Contrology" method—a system of exercises designed to improve strength, flexibility, balance, and body awareness. During World War I, he developed his exercise techniques by utilizing the springs on hospital beds to help rehabilitate injured soldiers. After moving to New York City in the 1920s, he opened a studio with his wife, Clara, where his method gained popularity among dancers and athletes.

His holistic approach to physical and mental well-being, known as "Pilates", continues to influence modern fitness and rehabilitation practices worldwide.